Spay/Neuter

Neutering of German Shepherd Dogs: Associated Joint Disorders, Cancers and Urinary Incontinence

Publication Benjamin L. Hart, Lynette A. Hart, Abigail P. Thigpen and Neil H. Willits (2016). Neutering of German Shepherd Dogs: Associated Joint Disorders, Cancers and Urinary Incontinence. Veterinary Medicine and Science 2: 191–199. Original source (DOI)…

Throwing the Baby Out With the Bath Water: Could Widespread Neutering of Companion Dogs Cause Problems at a Population Level?

Source Jessica K. Dawson, Tiffani J. Howell, Matthew B. Ruby, and Pauleen C. Bennett (2019). Throwing the Baby Out With the Bath Water: Could Widespread Neutering of Companion Dogs Cause Problems at a Population Level?. Frontiers…

Long-Term Health Effects of Neutering Dogs: Comparison of Labrador Retrievers with Golden Retrievers

Publication Benjamin L. Hart, Lynette A. Hart, Abigail P. Thigpen and Neil H. Willits (2014). Long-Term Health Effects of Neutering Dogs: Comparison of Labrador Retrievers with Golden Retrievers. PLoS ONE 9(7): e102241. Original source (DOI) ·…

Effects of Surgical Sterilization on Canine and Feline Health and on Society

Publication MV Root Kustritz (2012). Effects of Surgical Sterilization on Canine and Feline Health and on Society. Reprod Dom Anim 47 (Suppl. 4): 214–222. Original source (DOI) · Download article (PDF) Source summary (Contents) Surgical sterilization…

Neutering Dogs: Effects on Joint Disorders and Cancers in Golden Retrievers

Publication Gretel Torres de la Riva, Benjamin L. Hart, Thomas B. Farver, Anita M. Oberbauer, Locksley L. McV Messam, Neil Willits and Lynette A. Hart (2013). Neutering Dogs: Effects on Joint Disorders and Cancers in Golden…

Long-Term Health Risks and Benefits Associated with Spay / Neuter in Dogs

Source Laura J. Sanborn (2007). Long-Term Health Risks and Benefits Associated with Spay / Neuter in Dogs. 14 May 2007. Literature review. Read the source PDF. This is the author’s 2007 literature review, retained as a…

A Survey of Veterinarian Attitudes Toward Prepubertal Desexing of Dogs and Cats in the Australian Capital Territory

Introduction The practice of prepubertal desexing (PD) and early age desexing (EAD) of dogs and cats has been utilized in animal shelters since the 1980s as a tool to combat overpopulation (1). Although often used interchangeably,…

A Review of the Impact of Neuter Status on Expression of Inherited Conditions in Dogs

Introduction Gonadectomy, or more generally referred to as “neutering,” is a common procedure in many countries as a means to control reproduction in companion dogs and promoted extensively as a means to reduce dogs relinquished to…

Behavioural risks in male dogs with minimal lifetime exposure to gonadal hormones may complicate population-control benefits of desexing. McGreevy, Wilson, Starling, Serpell

Publication Paul D. McGreevy, Bethany Wilson, Melissa J. Starling, and James A. Serpell. Behavioural risks in male dogs with minimal lifetime exposure to gonadal hormones may complicate population-control benefits of desexing. PLOS ONE 13(5):e0196284 (2018). [8]…

Timing of Spay/Neuter and Cruciate Ligament Disease Risk: New Evidence from 20,590 Dogs

Publication D. Low. Cumulative gonadal hormone exposure is nonlinearly associated with risk of canine cranial cruciate ligament disease: a generalised additive model analysis of 20,590 dogs (1988–2023). Journal of Small Animal Practice (2025), pp. 1–8 in…

Canine desexing attitudes and practices of Australian veterinarians: A cross-sectional survey

Original open-access study by Impey and colleagues, reporting Australian veterinarians’ canine desexing recommendations and surgical practices. Includes the complete unmodified paper.