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Learning Objectives Why the Health Layer for FSDT? The health layer is low in our foundation plans because it can drastically interfere with any behavior…
Rosangela Odore, Diego Rendini, Paola Badino, Giulia Gardini, Giulia Cagnotti, Valentina Meucci, Luigi Intorre, Claudio Bellino, and Antonio D’Angelo Summary Despite dog aggression representing a…
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Learning Objectives Introduction Desexing is any procedure that reduces a dog’s fertility, typically by removing the testes or ovaries surgically—also known as gonadectomy. Surgical neutering…
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Learning Objectives Teeth Dental formula – the number and types of teeth that should be found in a normal mouth is unique to every species.…
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Learning Objectives Mainly considered to be carnivores, dogs have adapted and evolved to become omnivores. Dogs, wild and domesticated, have become familiar with diets that…
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